资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
美议员扬言要在台湾举行听证会,岛内担心将把台湾“推向险境”****** 【环球时报特约记者 于名】美国众议院新成立的“中国特别委员会”扬言要在台湾召开听证会,讨论军售问题。此举引发岛内外对2023年台海局势的担忧。 据台湾《联合报》1月27日报道,“中国特别委员会”成员、美国共和党众议员惠特曼称,委员会成员日前开会,交换意见和讨论若干运作目标,而台湾问题无疑是“中国特别委员会”关注的焦点,“盖拉格希望我们在台湾举行听证会。我想我们会这样做,这对全世界以及对台湾都非常有意义”。 盖拉格是“中国特别委员会”主席。他在接受美国媒体CQ Roll Call采访时称,委员会将锁定大陆引起的各领域议题,如禁止社交媒体TikTok、提供印太政策建议、调查美国产业受大陆资金与影响力所破坏的领域等,预计2月成立办公室,3月举行首场听证会。他还称,强化台湾安全将成为委员会的工作重点,目前有180亿美元的军售项目延宕交付,“委员会会把协助台湾自我防卫列为紧急议题”。去年12月,盖拉格与共和党籍众议院议长麦卡锡联合发表专栏文章,声称“将让协助台湾自我防卫成为急迫议题”。 另据美国之音报道,惠特曼在回答提问时还声称,美国政府在台湾问题上采取的“战略模糊”政策已失去意义,“我们不希望升级为战争,但如果有必要,我们会捍卫(台湾),但关键是能够震慑,威慑是首要任务”。 台湾《中国时报》27日注意到,美国众议院外交委员会共和党人发出推文称,新上任的外交委员会主席麦考尔与台北驻美代表萧美琴日前举行“非常好的会谈”,“讨论我们如何能在第118届国会会期中强化我们之间至关重要的伙伴关系”。之后,萧美琴发推文声称,“在国会山忙碌一天,讨论来年在许多领域如何进行对我们伙伴关系重要的合作”。 针对美国众议院“中国特别委员会”扬言到台湾举行听证会,有台湾涉外官员称不曾听说,尚待了解,“如果美方提出,双方会讨论”。《联合报》称,“中国特别委员会”野心勃勃,已引发部分美国国会议员的担忧,众议员孟昭文日前表示,“这恐将加剧仇华心理,对亚裔不利”。《中国时报》27日也说,两岸关系目前的紧绷状态使华盛顿智库出现一股新的氛围,虽意见不一,但有一个共识,就是认为台海若有战事,美国将付出很大代价。有智库学者对于美国国会议员“过度抗中”的言论提出警告,认为这实际上是不利于美国,也不利于台湾。文章以去年8月前美国众议院议长佩洛西窜台引发两岸紧张局势举例称,华盛顿智库“德国马歇尔基金会”亚洲计划主任葛来仪当时就公开质疑,此行时机不恰当。《纽约时报》专栏作家弗里曼也曾撰文批评佩洛西“无比鲁莽、危险且不负责任”。 国民党国际部副主任黄裕钧表示,不管美中之间如何竞争,对美国来说,都希望台湾不要带给美方意外,这点最近许多美方人士都提到,过去马英九当局做得非常好。 台湾《中国时报》28日刊登的一篇评论称,台湾人都深知两岸军力悬殊之大,不是台湾花多少军费,买多少精良先进的美国武器就能赶得上的,因此唯有避战才是“王道”。但蔡英文当局却反其道而行之,不仅邀请多批美国国会议员窜台,制造美国会出兵保卫台湾的假象,还不顾各方劝阻力邀佩洛西窜台,结果引起大陆围台军演,从此失去了缓冲带。没想到如今新“内阁”即将上台,美国众议院新成立的“中国特别委员会”又研议3月可能到台湾召开两岸情势听证会,了解美国如何在军售等方面“协防台湾”。文章认为,美国国会议员来台开听证会,“极具侵犯台湾主权的意味”,对台湾极不尊重。而台当局对于这些挑动台海紧张情势的动作,台面上都不表态,但台面下不管是被动的无奈,甚或主动配合,“一味亲美抗中的蔡政府,都是把台湾推向了险境”。(环球时报) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |